In your console, you may see messages such as Previous Shutdown Cause:
followed by a number. The number is a shutdown code representing the cause of the shutdown, which can be rather cryptic as to what it represents. Below are a list of shutdown causes on macOS and OS X with explanations for what the codes mean and some initial troubleshooting steps.
You can find the previous shutdown cause on your Mac by running the following command in Terminal. It used to be you could use Console.app, but as part of the move to unified logging, it’s no longer possible to query backwards with Console.app, so you need to use Terminal.
log show --predicate 'eventMessage contains "Previous shutdown cause"' --last 24hThe troubleshooting steps are by no means exhaustive, but should give you a good starting point for how to proceed with your investigation, if you suffer from the issue repeatedly.
| Code | Description | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| 5 | Correct Shut Down. | Shutdown was initiated normally, from the macOS Shut Down menu or other shutdown command such as /sbin/shutdown. This does not indicate an issue with your system. |
| 3 | Hard shutdown. | Check the power button if you did not perform a hard shutdown yourself. It could be the case that the power button stuck down and forced a shutdown. |
| 0 | Power disconnected. | Check power supply/battery on a laptop, or the power supply for a Mac without a battery. On a laptop, the Mac should hibernate before the battery becomes so discharged it is unable to shutdown correctly, therefore if you see this shutdown cause on a laptop it may indicate a hardware issue with the battery or with the battery controller for reading the charge. Try resetting the SMC by connecting the switched off computer to power, holding ⌃control+⌥option+⇧shift and pressing power. |
| -3 | Multiple temperature sensors exceeded the defined limit. | Hold D on boot to run Apple Diagnostics and follow the instructions if any errors are found. If the issue persists, make an appointment at an Apple Store. For Authorized Service Providers, Run Apple Service Diagnostics to check which sensor went beyond expected thermal limits. |
| -60 | Bad master directory block (badMDBErr). | Back up your data, erase the disk and reinstall macOS. If you continue to run the system, data loss may ensue. Use Time Machine to keep a backup until you are able to erase and restore. A common symptom is being unable to repair with Disk Utility — as such, erasing the disk is required as mentioned. |
| -61 | Watchdog timer detected unresponsive application, shutting down the system. | Troubleshoot for stuck application, startup item and any loading preferences. Boot to Safe Mode by holding ⇧shift on boot which disables most startup items and daemons. If the problem does not occur, try a new user account. |
| -62 | Watchdog timer detected unresponsive application, restarting the system. | The system will automatically restart after this shutdown cause, unlike -61. Troubleshooting applies the same for cause -61. -61 is used where the system believes it cannot automatically recover, whereas -62 is used where the system determines it is likely to be resolved after restart. Hardware acceleration has been experimentally deemed a potential cause, based on kernel extensions being shown in logs. Memory management may be a potential cause, such as Google Chrome’s excessive use of RAM, which can be mitigated with various extensions that suspend tabs when not in use. While it is a bug with macOS that Google Chrome should be able to cause a -62, such mitigations might be necessary. |
| -65 | unknown | Potentially linked to operating system issue. Try reinstalling macOS as fresh or booting from clean install on an external drive. |
| -71 | SO-DIMM Memory temperature exceeds limits. | If possible, swap memory module and check with known-good one to confirm issue is with memory. Check fans physically and with an app such as iStat Menus to determine whether the fans are rotating correctly and being reported correctly. Check air flow: open device and clean airways. |
| -74 | Battery temperature exceeds limits. | Reset the SMC by connecting the switched off computer to power, holding ⌃control+⌥option+⇧shift and pressing power. Swap battery and check with known-good one to confirm issue is with customer battery. |
| -75 | Communication issue with AC adapter. | Check power/MagSafe connector (plug), adapter and cable. Make sure the adapter in use is an official Apple power supply. On MacBook Pro with USB-C, connect power to opposite side of laptop to determine if issue is with specific ports. |
| -78 | Incorrect current value coming from AC adapter. | Make sure the adapter is an official Apple power supply. Check AC adapter plug and cable. Confirm current at the wall where the adapter is connected to. |
| -79 | Incorrect current value coming from battery. | Check battery statistics: check if cycles are excessive and may indicate the battery needs replacing. Check the battery connection to logic board. |
| -86 | Proximity temperature exceeds limits. | Check thermal contact with heatsink, fan connection and physical/reported activity. |
| -95 | CPU temperature exceeds limits. | Check thermal contact with heatsink, fans. Reset SMC by connecting the switched off computer to power, holding ⌃control+⌥option+⇧shift and pressing power. |
| -100 | Power supply temperature exceeds limits. | Check fans and air flow. Confirm power supply is official Apple. If MagSafe, remove any MagSafe adapters in use (e.g. MagSafe 1 to 2). |
| -103 | Battery cell under voltage detected. | Check battery and replace with known-good. Perform one charge cycle, then try again. |
| -104 | unknown | Possibly linked to battery issue. Perform one charge cycle and try D-boot to run diagnostics. |
| -108 | unverified | Likely memory issue. Commonly occurs when RAM is full and there was an issue with paging. Can occur when the system is sleeping. |
| -112 | unverified | Memory issue. Almost always occurs around -128, another memory issue. Almost certainly hardware fault. See -128 for troubleshooting. |
| -127 | PMU forced shutdown. | Check power button on your hardware. Potentially fine if you forced shutdown, otherwise may be hardware/SMC issue. |
| -128 | unknown | Possibly linked to memory issue. If the issue is persistent, try replacing the RAM with known-good if your hardware has removable RAM. |
Nobody seems to know what these codes mean but you. Where did you get this list?
not sure if anyone is watching here – but ive been trying to build a script that keeps track of previous shutdown causes for our records. this is working great and i love the description above — but does anyone have weird behavior on their machine not always logging 5?? for example if i restart my laptop which is working fine it seems to always log a 3. although i was testing this out and previously had done a bad restart. the only way i can get back to 5 is to shutdown and start up again. another machine i have tested on has logged a 0 when it was a normal reboot too… i just wonder how accurate apple treats these.
What versions of macOS are you using?
10.12 – are the two machines that seem to do 0 and 3 or normal restart (limited testing). 10.10 was the one returning 3 as well on a restart (although it is a vm). i need to do a wider test… just didnt know what others see…
I’m getting a lot of cause -20 and -11. This is on a 2018 Macbook Air. Any suggestions to these new causes? I can’t find them anywhere.
Today I got a cause: 1 also….
Any thoughts on what -64 represents?
Hi George,
I’m having a random restart with my MacBook Pro 13″ 2018 and the logs says im having “shutdown cause : -20”
i searched on google seems very few people are getting the same problem.
Do you have any idea what the problem is? thanks!
I also have the code of -20. But it says here in my mbp 15 2019. Bad ‘cos I just got it.
0xcf Default 0x0 0 0 kernel: (AppleSMC) Previous shutdown cause: -20
Could it be SMC?